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Standard
Work: A precise description of each work activity specifying
Cycle Time, also known as Takt Time, the work sequence of
specific tasks, and the minimum inventory of parts on hand needed to
conduct the activity.
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Seven Wastes:
Taiichi Ohno's original enumeration of the wastes commonly found in
physical production. These are overproduction ahead of demand, waiting
for the next processing stop, unnecessary transport of
materials (for example, between functional areas of facilities), overprocessing
of parts due to poor tool and product design, inventories more
than the absolute minimum, unnecessary movement by employees
during the course of their work (looking for parts, tools, prints, help,
etceteras), and production of defective parts.
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5S:
a
technique used to remove waste associated with disorganization.
Five Ss - Five terms beginning with S utilized to create a workplace
suited for visual control and lean production. Sort means to
separate needed tools, parts, and instructions from unneeded materials
and to remove the latter. Simplify means to neatly arrange and
identify parts and tools for ease of use. Sweep means to conduct
a cleanup campaign. Standardize means to conduct Sort, Simplify,
and Sweep at frequent, indeed daily, intervals to maintain a workplace
in perfect condition. Sustain means to form the habit of always
following the first four Ss. Some consultants include Safety
as the 6th S.
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Just-In-Time (JIT)
/Kanban:
used to eliminate inventory by using a "pull" system versus a
typical "push" system. Just-In-Time - A system for
producing and delivering the right items at the right time in the right
amounts. Just-In-Time approaches Just-On-Time when upstream
activities occur minutes or seconds before down-stream activities, so
single-piece flow is possible. The key elements of Just-in-Time are Flow,
Pull, Standard Work (with standard in-process inventories), and Takt
Time.
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Kaizen:
Continuous, incremental improvement of an activity to create more Value
with less Waste. Also known as Point Kaizen,
and Process Kaizen.
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Set-up Time Reduction: the minimization of set-up time
for equipment or administrative processes.
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Total Productive
Maintenance (TPM): Total Productive Maintenance
(TPM) - A
series of methods to ensure that every machine in a production process
is always able to perform its required tasks so that production is never
interrupted.
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Value Stream Mapping: process-flow charting to identify critical path of
the value-added processes in the manufacturing of product.
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Visual Control:
The placement in plain view of all tools, parts, production
activities, and indicators of production system performance, so everyone
involved can understand the status of the system at a glance. Used
synonymously with Transparency.
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Single Piece Flow:
the processing of the product by one operator in a cell environment to
minimize production time and man-to-machine ratio.
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Supply Chain Management:
managing suppliers and outsourcing much of the supply process to reduce
inventory and delivery time.
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Cells:
The layout of machines of different types performing different
operations in a tight sequence, typically in a U-shaped, to permit
single-piece flow and flexible deployment of human effort by means of Multi-Machine
Working. Contrast with Functional Layout. |
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